Date de naissance : 123X. He argued that the original debtor had not been able to pay his debt in parts, unless agreed upon, and that the position of the creditor had been deteriorated, having two debtors now, instead of one. ou l. l. Labeo (D. 33,10,7) et ff. The last example I want to give is about an academic dispute that shows how in Orleans conflicting visions on customary law could clash with long lasting effects. How could this practice be reconciled with Roman law? According to Roman law, each of the heirs owes half the amount because it is a divisible debt. [2] Edition E. M. Meijers and J.-J. When Pierre de Belleperche – the other Orleans luminary –, was still a bacalareus, about 1275, Revigny presided over an academic dispute for which he had devised the following question [9]. La repetitio est le genre nouveau d'enseignement dans lequel s'exprime son apport (esprit de synthèse, approfondissement) à l'enseignement du droit[1]. s. l. Cum delanionis § Asinam molendinarum (D. 33,7,18,2).”. Pays : France. Auch sollte ein Baron einzig zur Verteidigung „seiner Heimat“ (Lehen) verpflichtet sein und nicht zur Verteidigung der „Heimat des Königs“ (das Königreich). But he was not in a position to decide the dispute, and, all he could do, several years later, when he had a school of his own, was to tell his students that he would have given a penny for this text, in this way expressing his low opinion of the argument. La vérité judiciaire, https://univ-droit.fr/recherche/act... Jahrhundert), „Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike“, Rechtsgelehrter der Universität Orléans, Bischof von Verdun. [11] Cf. Originaire de Révigny dont la localisation en France n'est pas définitivement établie. Le professeur choisissait une loi du. Il mourut en Italie en allant soumettre la dispute au pape. Belleperche must have smelled the chance to gain a victory over the formidable Revigny. Auch wird ihm die Zusammenfassung des ersten Rechtswörterbuchs (Dictionarium iuris) zugeschrieben. Jacques de Révigny oder Jacobus de Ravanis[1] (* 1230/40 wohl im lothringischen Revigny-sur-Ornain; † 1296 in Ferentino) war ein Rechtsgelehrter (Legist) und Bischof von Verdun im 13. So it depended on the division of the inherited property between the heirs who of them had to pay the debts. 3. Révigny, Jacques de [Nom de personne] Information (par souci de protection des données à caractère personnel, le jour et le mois de naissance ne sont pas affichés) Langue d'expression : Latin. Revigny’s Orleans heritage was incomparably more lasting. This is the first and last time that the name of this holy icon of French legal history will be mentioned here: his time was to come later, when Revigny had already expounded his theories and had made his ill-fated career move to Verdun. 6. So, the culprit could not be deprived of these rights. Jacques de Revigny (+ 1296) : Le droit Romain comme moyen de façonner le droit français. cit., 127-128. Time to conclude. Leiden Law School Leiden University. Les auteurs intéressés sont invités à consulter les modalités de soumission des articles (Soumettre un article). Vous trouverez sur cette page les directives pour soumettre un article : Here are the guidelines for submitting an article : Le prochain numéro portera sur le thème suivant : 12. - 1296) Giurista e professore dell’università di Orléans, fu con Pierre de Belleperche [vedi] la personalità giuridica francese più importante del XIII secolo. Zusammen mit Belleperche schrieb er Kommentare zu mehreren Teilen des später so genannten Corpus iuris civilis. How do you deal with customary law if Roman law is the subject of your teaching? What he left there – apart from troubles - was a charter for its citizens [2]. To prevent the exercise of this right, buyers sometimes made excessive and unnecessary expenditures on the estate. Thirteenth-century France through the eyes of Jacques de Revigny, professor of law at Orleans, Frankfurt am Main, 1997, p. 127 and 130. So, there is a very simple solution. I leave it at that, but let nobody think that he used this instrument in every commentary. You should know that procedure in lay courts was much briefer and less costly than the procedure based on Roman and canon law. [13] On this, see K. Bezemer, What Jacques saw, op. K. Bezemer, Pierre de Belleperche, op. Unfortunately for him, the knowledge of these faded away after the fourteenth century, which resulted in an almost total ignorance until the end of the nineteenth century, when some French historians began to recover the glorious past of the medieval universities of France. Als Student machte er sich 1260 einen Namen als Opponent des Gastprofessors Franciscus Accursii von der Universität von Bologna, den er in einem Disput zum Schweigen brachte. The most extreme option would be to reject any law that does not concur with Roman law as it was conceived at the time. The French law of Revigny is predominantly customary law [4]. Usually, it is Revigny who turns out to be the original mind, so let us see what he has to say about French law. Jacques de Revigny (d. 1296): Roman law as a means to shape French law Jacques de Revigny (+ 1296) : Le droit Romain comme moyen de façonner le droit français (PDF - 138.5 kb) Ce papier décrit brièvement les arguments de Revigny pour développer la place du droit français dans ses commentaires sur le droit Romain. 14. The arguments Revigny used to legitimize French law did not necessarily form a coherent whole. Before I formulate some conclusions, I believe it is necessary to point out that Revigny’s tool box did contain more than the arguments presented so far. Jacques de Révigny oder Jacobus de Ravanis (* 1230/40 wohl im lothringischen Revigny-sur-Ornain; † 1296 in Ferentino) war ein Rechtsgelehrter und Bischof von Verdun im 13. A former serf of the cathedral chapter of Chartres, who had become rich and freed himself from his bondage, had, so it is related, offended the dean of the chapter at a meeting. According to Revigny this had to be taken into account if a lay person used this expression. Jacques de Révigny (? Er gehörte zu den Kommentatoren Leben. Paris, 1519; repr. Wahrscheinlich ab den sechziger Jahren des 13. There was even someone in the chapter – ignorant of Roman law, says Revigny –, who said that natural justice was against it. On lui attribue aussi le premier dictionnaire de la langue juridique (Dictionarium juris). Kees Bezemer Mort : 1296. 199 vb): “Unde de vi verborum (ille) qui dicit sic ‘volo vendere’, et ille qui dicit ‘volo emere’ non sequitur quod vendat vel emat, nisi habeant contrahentes ex communi usu loquendi qui cum ipsi vendebant vel emebant sic loquebantur: ‘volo vendere’, ‘volo emere’, per l. ff. I have not yet mentioned it but Revigny sometimes used Aristotelian logic, especially when he wanted to analyse unclear sentences in the Roman law texts. Auteurs de l'article « Jacques de Révigny » : L'enseignement du droit pouvait prendre trois formes : le cours, la disputation et la répétition. Avec Pierre de Belleperche, il fut l'un des principaux commentateurs français du Corpus juris civilis. Practice in France was different. It is a special type of the argument by analogy. This was a well-known type of fraud. Of greater importance are the customs apparently not limited to a certain territory. He says: a Roman last will contained the appointment of an heir. The dean wanted him to be reduced to slavery. Revigny defended the view that he is not. The lex Cogi from the viewpoint of some commentators”, Ius romanum – Ius Commune – Ius hodiernum. The suggestion is that only this brother had to pay the debt because he was the one who had inherited the moveable property. Toutes les informations de la Bibliothèque Nationale de France sur : Jacques de Révigny (123.-1296) In the end, he went to Rome to settle some of the disputes he had with his opponents. Jacques de Révigny (en latin Jacobus de Ravanis), né vers 1230/35 probablement à Revigny-sur-Ornain, mort en 1296 à Ferentino, est un homme d'Église et juriste du XIIIe siècle, professeur de droit romain à Orléans, créateur de l'école dite des « postglossateurs », évêque de Verdun de 1290 à 1296. de supell. Abstract: This paper describes in brief which arguments were used by Revigny to create space for contemporary French law in his commentaries on Roman law. Le chapitre des chanoines avait élu un autre candidat, ce qui occasionna un conflit qui dura pendant tout son épiscopat. Il était archidiacre du diocèse de Toul quand il fut nommé évêque de Verdun (consacré le 13 mars 1290). Again, we see the application of an argument a contrario: because this man was not a slave in the Roman law sense, the Roman law punishment could not be meted out. In a similar way a buyer of family estate cannot undermine the exercise of the right of retrait lignager. It was a rule of customary law that debts had to be paid from moveable property (les meubles sont le siège des dettes). Sexe : Masculin. Is it only to express an intention for the future or is it an actual wish to be bound? cit., p. 37-38 and 39-40. Revigny knew this very well, and he never, I repeat, he never said that a particular custom was not valid. He dies, leaving two heirs. de fundo instruc. A final remark should be made about the error that brings about another (error ex errore). These bad customs have in common that Revigny was not much inclined to deal with them with the usual legal methods of arguing. [14] Cf. It was intolerable, as Revigny saw retrait lignager as a custom having a good reason, that is, to ensure people’s rights of succession. Comme juriste, Jacques de Révigny fut un critique du droit coutumier en vigueur dans les provinces du nord de la France et un tenant du droit romain, importé à l'époque de la prestigieuse Université de Bologne. He came from Revigny-sur-Ornain, which is in the western part of Lorraine. Jacques de Révigny (123.-1296) Variante de point d'accès. He was not a mere philologist who wanted to find out how exactly the ancient Romans had organized their society. Is the creditor obliged to accept this payment? Book French testaments do not. This chapter surveys the most important facts about the life and works of Jacques de Revigny, a famous jurist from late-medieval France. [1] For the details, see F. P. W. Soetermeer, “Recherches sur Franciscus Accursii, ses Casus Digesti Novi et sa répétition sur la loi Cum pro eo (C. 7,47 un)”, Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis, 51, 1983, p. 3-49. Jacques de Révigny (123.-1296) forme courante français Jacobus de Ravanis (123.-1296) forme internationale latin. Revigny has contributed to this by means of that same Roman law. In my view it was French customary law that made Revigny, and the important man, defend an opinion that goes against Roman law. A cloth merchant, for instance, had to give different, that is more information about his merchandise to a simple student about his merchandise, than to someone who was a professional buyer of cloth [13]. The method had its drawbacks: the parallel world of French customary law was built up from the outside. First and foremost: Revigny did not only use Roman law for its intrinsic meaning. The custom of retrait lignager was common to large parts of France. Another way to take account of local ways was to consider the social position of the parties to a contract. He considered this a diabolical corruption and an intolerable error. Il fut oublié aux époques suivantes, ses œuvres étant imprimées au XVIe siècle sous les noms de Pierre de Belleperche et de Bartole. Immediately he was crossed by an important man, maybe a former student of Revigny, who said: Face it, young man, people holding your view have no text to speak for them. Juli 2019 um 21:39 Uhr bearbeitet. Elle peut ainsi accueillir vos propositions d’articles tout au long de l’année. Droit d'auteur : les textes des articles sont disponibles sous. Revigny may have felt that way too, because – and this is speculative –, he may have been a descendent of people of servile condition. Revigny knew that the serfs of the Chartres chapter were not real slaves in the Roman sense. The citizens and local potentates made his life a continuous battle to secure his episcopal rights. Von Révignys Leben ist kaum etwas bekannt. Yet, he did not like such arguments, unless they had a firm basis in the texts of Roman law. He did not yet make a clear distinction between the ideas of in particular Revigny and Belleperche, one of the reasons why investigations in this area are still rewarding. Bologna, 1967, fo. Au cours de son professorat, qui dura de 1263 aux alentours de 1280, il fut le maître de tous les grands juristes de la génération suivante : Jacques de Boulogne, Pierre de La Chapelle-Taillefert, Raoul d'Harcourt (lui-même maître de Pierre de Belleperche), Gui de la Charité. Während einer Reise nach Italien, wo er diesen Konflikt dem Papst vorlegen wollte, starb Révigny. Weiterhin war Révigny ein Befürworter einer französischen Königsmacht, wenngleich er im Gegensatz zu anderen Legisten seiner Zeit, wie beispielsweise Jean de Blanot, das Königtum in fest umrissenen Grenzen wissen wollte. Revigny suggested this son should at least give his sisters and brothers some (financial) support when they got married. Wahrscheinlich ab den sechziger Jahren des 13. According to Roman law a woman could not be a witness to a last will [Inst. I have to remark that Revigny was the first academic jurist who paid much attention to this custom, a tradition that was continued until the end of the ius commune period. On the other hand, Roman law was not only a technical subject matter, it also stood for specific values not necessarily in accordance with French legal practice. He did not have a good time there. So he advanced the Roman law solution I just mentioned. cit., p. 15 and 20-21. ), Amsterdam-Aalen, 2010, p. 26-27 and 34. Révigny befasste sich vor allem mit dem Verwaltungsrecht, sowohl in weltlichen auch als kirchlichen Praxen. But, could this rule be applied to this case? Jacques de Révigny (123.-1296) : œuvres (4 ressources dans data.bnf.fr) Œuvres textuelles (3) La " Lectura" sur le titre "De actionibus", Inst. März 1290), obwohl das Domkapitel einen anderen Kandidaten gewählt hatte. Today it has little over three thousand inhabitants. La théorie de la coutume chez Jacques de Révigny : édition et analyse de sa répétition sur la loi De quibus (D. 1, 3, 32). If you accept the existence of “emperors” that are not real emperors in the sense of Roman law, you should not be surprised that these alleged emperors act as if they were real emperors and assume the powers accorded to them by Roman law. Die wichtigsten Vermittler seiner Lehren waren Belleperche und Cino da Pistoia († 1336/37), von denen letzterer vor allem in Italien für ihre Verbreitung sorgte. À cette époque, à Orléans, les répétitions étaient hebdomadaires. We can see his point, these days, I think. [3] French translation in E.M. Meijers, Études d’histoire du droit, III, Leiden, 1959, p. 3-148. Why? Portrait of a legal puritan, Frankfurt am Main, 2005, p. 40-41. Überhaupt sind zahlreiche Lehrmeinungen Révignys nur durch italienische Autoren aus dem 14. This may seem artificial, but it is an effective way to create space for contemporary practice. Dans ses textes, il évoque une activité d'avocat qu'il avait à côté de son enseignement.
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